Anthropologists have classified many types of non-state societies. Some non-state societies are also "acephalic" or leaderless.
Band and Clan societies are non-state and leaderless.
Weak Chiefdoms and Strong Chiefdoms are non-state but have leaders, elective or otherwise.
I can't remember where I first encountered this classification. Might have been "Seeing, Like A State" or "Against The Grain".