Why not just plain URLs? Properties that differ from ISBNs are that
- people don't instantly recognize them as permanent identifiers (but a new system would face the same)
- people might enter them into a browser (but that's not a bad thing, see DOIs)
- they're not constant length (but our modern databases can handle that).
Examples:
- urn:isbn:0-395-36341-1
- https://id.endor.at/26530
- http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
- urn:nbn:de:bvb:91-diss20060308-1417541491 (see https://www.dnb.de/DE/Professionell/Services/URN-Service/urn-service_node.html)