Public-private keypairs are one component of digital ID. Keypairs will be what's used to remove anonymity. Once a viable system is in-place, legislation will be passed to require key registration to access services.
> Digital IDs, also known as digital certificates, bind an identity to a pair of cryptographic keys. This pair (the private and public key) can be used to sign and encrypt digital information. A Digital ID makes it possible to verify someone's claim that they have the right to use a given key. Used in conjunction with encryption, Digital IDs provide a more complete security solution, assuring the identity of all parties involved in an electronic transaction. A Digital ID is issued by a Certification Authority (CA) and signed with the CA's private key.