[ Trustroots/trustroots ] Simplify Android code and expand branch coverage (#3445)
* Simplify tab visit invariants and cover Android state transitions
* Share Android response parsing and profile image transforms
* Raise Android branch coverage floor after cleanup
* Simplify profile rendering and session restoration
https://github.com/Trustroots/trustroots/commit/1ce7035fbfcb5f920ec654a6e409671e40a33b22